تلسكوب جيمس ويب الفضائي (JWST)أطلقت حملة الفضاء observatory designed to conduct infrared astronomy and launched successfully on 25 December 2021 will enable two research teams to study earliest galaxies in the الكون. The research teams will use JWSTأدوات قوية (NIRISS، NIRCam وNIRSpec) لالتقاط وتوصيف بعض المجرات المبكرة.
The Next Generation Deep Extragalactic Exploratory Public (NGDEEP) Survey will target هابل Ultra Deep Field by pointing telescope’s Near-Infrared Imager and Slitless Spectrograph (NIRISS) on the primary هابل Ultra Deep Field and Near-Infrared Camera (NIRCam) on the parallel field. The two instruments NIRISS and NIRCam will capture infrared light (redshifted due to expansion of الكون). وسيتم نشر البيانات على الفور لصالح الباحثين.
NGDEEP team will also identify metal elements in the early galaxies especially in smaller and dimmer ones that haven’t yet been thoroughly studied so far. Study of metal contents of galaxies is standard way to trace evolution across cosmic time. There were only hydrogen and helium in the beginning of the الكون. New elements were formed by successive generations of النجوم. Studying metal contents of galaxies will help to plot out precisely when various elements existed and update models that project how galaxies evolved in the early الكون.
The other research team will examine the primary هابل Ultra Deep Field using the microshutter array within the telescope’s Near-Infrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec). This will provide first large sample of earliest galaxies that existed in the early الكون enabling researchers to understand them in detail.
قصة الدراسة الكون المبكر بدأت في عام 1995 بقرار التركيز هابل الفضاء Telescope (HST) on nothing in the hitherto unexplored field in the sky. هابل captured about 3000 images of galaxies at different stages of stellar evolution. Better known as هابل Deep Field, these images were first pictures of early galaxies and revolutionised the field of astronomy.
As a successor of هابل الفضاء telescope (HST), تلسكوب جيمس ويب الفضائي (JWST) is carrying forward the هابل تراث التلسكوب في مجال الدراسة في وقت مبكر الكون. Webb telescope aims to search for light from the first النجوم and galaxies that formed in the الكون after the Big Bang to study the formation and evolution of galaxies, to understand the formation of النجوم و كوكبي systems and to study كوكبي systems and the origins of life.
في وقت مبكر الكون in the first several hundred million years after the big bang was a very different place. It was semi-opaque. This is when the first galaxies in the الكون were beginning to form. Many distant galaxies have been spotted by the telescopes but none earlier than 400 million years after the big bang. What were galaxies that existed even earlier like? The above mentioned, two research teams will answer just this by revealing details of the earliest chapters of Galaxy تطور.
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مصادر:
- ناسا 2022. ويب ناسا لكشف ثروات الكون المبكر ، نُشر في 22 يونيو 2022. متاح على الإنترنت على https://webbtelescope.org/contents/news-releases/2022/news-2022-015.html تم الوصول إليه في 23 يونيو 2022.
- براساد يو ، 2021. تلسكوب جيمس ويب الفضائي (JWST): أول مرصد فضائي مخصص لدراسة الكون المبكر. العلمية الأوروبية. تم النشر في ٦ نوفمبر ٢٠٢١. متاح على الإنترنت على http://scientificeuropean.co.uk/sciences/space/james-webb-space-telescope-jwst-the-first-space-observatory-dedicated-to-the-study-of-early-universe/
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